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Yuri Fyodorovich Fayer (also seen as Faier also known as Feuer, from the word fire in Yiddish) (3 August 1971) was a Soviet Jewish conductor, highly notable in ballet. He was the chief ballet conductor at the Bolshoi Theatre from 1923 to 1963.〔(Jack Miller, ''Jews in Soviet Culture'' )〕 Fayer's range extended from the classical repertoire (he conducted over 400 performances of Tchaikovsky's ''Swan Lake'' alone)〔(amazon )〕 through to new ballets by composers such as Shostakovich and Prokofiev. His world premieres included two of Prokofiev's ballets: ''Cinderella'' (1945) and (posthumously) ''The Tale of the Stone Flower'' (1954). He was held in greet esteem by such dancers as Galina Ulanova and Maya Plisetskaya.〔 ==Biography== Yuri Fayer was born in Kiev on 17 January 1890 (ns).〔(Russian dvd )〕 He was an early starter on the violin, giving his first concert at age 11, joining the Kiev Opera orchestra at 14, and entering the Moscow Conservatory at 16. He was unable to complete his studies, as he needed to work to make ends meet. He worked at the opera house in Riga and formed his own touring orchestra, before returning to Moscow in 1914 and re-entering the Conservatory, while also playing violin at the Bolshoi Theatre. His earlier experience as a conductor stood him in good stead, and before long he was asked to conduct at the Bolshoi, where he became an institution.〔 In 1923 he became chief ballet conductor at the Bolshoi, a post he retained for 40 years, until 1963. On Christmas Eve 1925, he conducted the Bolshoi orchestra in works by Beethoven, Litolff and Tchaikovsky to accompany the world premiere of Sergei Eisenstein's film ''Battleship Potemkin''. (The film's official soundtrack, composed by Edmund Meisel, was not heard until its Berlin premiere in 1926.〔(Kennedy Centre )〕) In 1933 he conducted the world premiere of the ballet ''The Flames of Paris'', choreography by Vasili Vainonen, music by Boris Asafyev.〔(Bolshoi Moscow.com )〕 Fayer met frequently with Sergei Prokofiev while he was writing his ballet ''Romeo and Juliet''.〔(Yuri Faier, "Notes of a Ballet Conductor", ''Anglo-Soviet Journal'', June 1961 )〕 The composer's original conception was one in which the protagonists do not die. Yuri Fayer was one of those who convinced the composer to change the ending.〔(''The Guardian'', 3 November 2008 )〕 He led the Bolshoi Ballet's first staging of the ballet (it had had its world premiere in Czechoslovakia). In November 1945 he directed the world premiere of Prokofiev's ballet ''Cinderella''.〔(Seattle Symphony )〕 February 1954, eleven months after the composer's death, saw Fayer premiering Prokofiev's ballet ''The Tale of the Stone Flower''. Gennady Rozhdestvensky was Fayer's assistant conductor from 1951 to 1961.〔(Naxos )〕 They were jointly nominated for the 1958 Academy Award for Best Music, Scoring of a Musical Picture for the film ''The Bolshoi Ballet'' (the award went to André Previn, for ''Gigi'').〔(IMdB )〕 Apart from his world premieres, Fayer directed the first Bolshoi Theatre performances of many ballets, including: * Asafyev's ''The Fountain of Bakhchisarai'' (1936) * Minkus's ''Don Quixote'' (1940) * Glière's ''The Red Poppy'' (1949; he worked with Glière during the writing of the work, and it was he who suggested using the folksong "Little Apple" in the final Russian Sailors Dance〔) * Glière's''The Bronze Horseman'' * Shostakovich's ''The Limpid Stream'' * Khachaturian's ''Gayane'' (1957) and ''Spartacus'' (1958). In later years he became almost blind but continued to conduct.〔( Recollections of Nadia Nerina )〕〔(''The Telegraph'', 10 May 2005 )〕 He retired in 1963.〔 He died on 3 August 1971.〔〔(''Billboard'', 4 September 1971 )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Yuri Fayer」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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